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Breathing is very important
to everyone; if you forgot to breath then you'll die. Breathing involves
exchange of gases which is oxygen and carbon dioxide. In this chapter, it simplifies
the function, importance and the different parts of the body that involve in
breathing.
Functions of Respiratory System:
- Exchange of gas
- Regulation of blood pH
- Production of voice
- Olfaction
- Protection against microorganism
Parts of Respiratory System
- Nose- admit and expel air for respiration in conjunction with the mouth.
- Nasal Cavity- large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.
- Pharynx- serves both the respiratory system and the digestive system by receiving air from the nasal cavity and air, food, and water from the oral cavity.
- Larynx- portion of the breathing, or respiratory, tract containing the vocal cords which produce vocal sound.
- Trachea- tube that connects the pharynx or larynx to the lungs, allowing the passage of air.
- Bronchi- passage of airway in the respiratory tract that conducts air into the lungs.
- Lungs- are the organs of respiration in humans.
Points to Ponder:
- Sinusitis- an inflammation of the mucous membrane of any sinus, especially one or more paranasal sinuses.
- Sneeze Reflex- dislodges foreign substances from the nasal cavity.
- Cough Reflex- dislodge foreign substances from the trachea.
- Asthma- disease characterized by abnormally increased constriction of the bronchi and bronchioles in response to various stimuli resulting in a narrowing of the air passageways and decreased ventilation efficiency.
- Cystic Fibrosis- disease characterized by frequent, serious respiratory infections and thick, sticky mucus in the lungs and digestive tract.
- Bronchitis- inflammation of the bronchi caused by irritants, such as cigarette smoke, air pollution or infection.
- Emphysema- destruction of alveolar walls.
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